Communist Refoundation Party
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Secretary Paolo Ferrero
Founded 12 December 1991
Headquarters via del Policlinico, 131
00161 Rome
Newspaper Liberazione
Membership (2006) 93,196[1]
Ideology Communism
Coalition None
International None
European party Party of the European Left,
European Anticapitalist Left (Observer)
European Parliament Group European United Left–Nordic Green Left
Website
http://www.rifondazione.itThe Communist Refoundation Party (Partito della Rifondazione Comunista, PRC) is a communist Italian political party. Its current secretary is Paolo Ferrero.
The party participates both in the Party of the European Left (of which Fausto Bertinotti, a senior PRC member, has been the first president) and the European Anticapitalist Left. Its members in the European Parliament sit in the European United Left–Nordic Green Left group.
History
Foundation
In 1991, when the Italian Communist Party (PCI), led by Achille Occhetto, became the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), dissidents led by Armando Cossutta launched the Communist Refoundation Party. In the same year Proletarian Democracy, a far left outfit, merged into the new party, which aimed to unite all Italian communists.
The first secretary of the PRC was Sergio Garavini, who was replaced in 1994 by Fausto Bertinotti, a long-time CGIL trade union leader, who had left PDS only some months before. The leadership of Bertinotti was a turning point for the party, which jumped to 8.6% of vote in the 1996 general election.
The centre-left
The party supported Prodi I Cabinet until 1998, when Bertinotti's Communists turned to opposition and the government lost its majority in Parliament. However this decision was divisive also in Bertinotti's camp, where a group of dissidents, led by President of the party Armando Cossutta, split off and founded a rival communist outfit, the Party of Italian Communists (Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, PdCI), which joined Massimo D'Alema's government.
In October 2004 the PRC joined the centre-left opposition and in April 2005, Nichi Vendola, an openly gay politician who is one of the emerging leaders of the party, was elected President of traditionally conservative Apulia Region, due to the support of the whole centre-left and after a primary election, which saw Vendola beat a centrist opponent. He is the only regional President belonging to the PRC.
After the 2006 general election in which centre-left The Union coalition won narrowly over the centre-right House of Freedoms coalition, party leader Fausto Bertinotti was elected President of the Chamber of Deputies, and was replaced by Franco Giordano as party secretary. The PRC joined the Prodi II Cabinet, which included Paolo Ferrero, a long-time member of the party, as Minister of Social Solidarity.
The decision to participate in the centre-left coalition government, and in particular the party's decision to vote to refinance the Italian military presence in Afghanistan and send troops to Lebanon attracted criticism from other sections of the European far left[2] and provoked the splits of many groups, notably the Communist Workers' Party, the Communist Alternative Party and Critical Left.
Out of Parliament
In December 2007 the party took part in the creation of The Left – The Rainbow with the Party of Italian Communists, the Federation of the Greens and Democratic Left. This coalition was comprehensively defeated in the 2008 general election: it won only 3.1% of the vote, compared to 10.2% won by the two communist parties and the Greens two years before.
In April 2008, following the severe defeat of the party in the 2008 general election, a group of former Bertinottiani, composed basically of former members of Proletarian Democracy and led by Paolo Ferrero and Giovanni Russo Spena, allied with the other minority factions in order to force secretary Franco Giordano to resign. They criticized The Left – The Rainbow alliance and the political line of Fausto Bertinotti.
In the July congress the internal left-wing prevailed over Bertinottiani and Paolo Ferrero was elected new secretary. He was supported by barely 53% of the party delegates and the party was in fact very divided on factional and regional lines with Vendola, the standard-bearer of Bertinottiani, accusing Northern delegates of having absorbed leghismo and stating that "it was the end of the party I knew".[3]
On 24 January 2009 the group around Vendola, including Giordano and with the silent support of Bertinotti, finally decided to leave the party and to transform their faction into a party under the name Movement for the Left (MpS). The goal of MpS will be that of forming a new party with other left-wing groups, including the Federation of the Greens, Democratic Left, Unite the Left (splinters from the PdCI) and United to the Left.[4] However some members of RpS, including Giusto Catania, Milziade Caprili and Tommaso Sodano, decided not to leave the PRC[5] and re-organized themselves into To the Left with Refoundation.[6]
Anticapitalist List's logo
After the split of RpS/MpS, the PRC formed a joint list known as Anticapitalist List with the PdCI, Socialism 2000 and United Consumers for the 2009 European Parliament election. Originally also Critical Left was to join, but finally chose to step aside.[7]
Factions
The majority of the party following the October 2004 congress was led by Fausto Bertinotti (59.2%) and it views itself as the party representing the anti-globalization movement in the Italian political scene. Nothwithstanding, during that congress the party included some recognzed factions, which opposed the line imposed by Bertinotti: the hardline communists of Being Communists (26.2%), what remains of the late faction led by Armando Cossutta, and trotskyists of Critical Left, Communist Project and HammerSickle (14.6% altogether).
Communist Project left the party shortly after the 2006 general election because of its opposition to the participation of the party in The Union and Prodi II Cabinet: a group led by Marco Ferrando formed the Communist Workers' Party, while others, led by Francesco Ricci formed the Communist Alternative Party. A tiny minority of the former Communist Project decided not to leave the party and gathered in a new faction named Counter-current.
In February 2007 Senator Franco Turigliatto, one of the leaders of Critical Left along with Salvatore Cannav, voted against two motions on the government's foreign policy, leading Romano Prodi to temporarily resign as Prime Minister. In April Turigliatto was expelled from the party and thus Critical Left suspended from it. In December the group officially left PRC in order to be transformed into a party.
At that point Being Communists suffered a split by those who opposed the decision of leader Claudio Grassi to vote in favour of the expulsion of Senator Turigliatto from the party: a group, led by Fosco Giannini, left the faction and launched The Ernesto, without leaving the party itself.
In April 2008, following the severe defeat of the party in the 2008 general election, a group of former Bertinottiani, composed basically of former members of Proletarian Democracy and led by Paolo Ferrero and Giovanni Russo Spena, allied with the other minority factions in order to force Secretary Franco Giordano to resign. They criticized The Left – The Rainbow alliance and the political line of Fausto Bertinotti.
In the 24-27 July 2008 congress the Refoundation in Movement motion of Ferrero and Grassi (40.1%) faced the bulk of Bertinottiani, who organized themselves around the motion titled Manifesto for the Refoundation (47.6%) with Nichi Vendola as standard-bearer. The Ernesto of Giannini and Counter-current (7.7%), HammerSickle of Claudio Bellotti (3.2%) and a minor group of former Bertinottiani called "Disarm, Renew, Refound" (1.5%) decided to join forces with the Ferrero-Grassi group. Vendola, defeated by Ferrero, announced the creation of a new minority faction, Refoundation for the Left (RpS).[8][3]
On 24 January 2009 that faction finally left the party in order to form the Movement for the Left. However several members of RpS led by Augusto Rocchi decided to stay in the PRC and launched To the Left with Refoundation.
Popular support
The electoral results of the Communist Refoundation Party in the 10 most populated Regions of Italy are shown in the table below.[9] 1994 general 1995 regional 1996 general 1999 European 2000 regional 2001 general 2004 European 2005 regional 2006 general
Piedmont 5.9 9.3 10.3 4.6 5.5 5.9 6.6 6.4 5.9
Lombardy 5.1 7.7 6.8 4.0 6.4 5.0 5.6 5.7 5.5
Veneto 4.4 5.0 5.3 2.8 3.0 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.9
Emilia-Romagna 6.6 7.6 8.3 5.0 5.8 5.5 6.3 5.7 5.6
Tuscany 10.1 11.1 12.5 7.4 6.7 6.9 9.1 8.2 8.2
Lazio 6.6 9.2 10.4 4.9 5.4 5.2 7.1 5.9 7.4
Campania 6.9 9.2 9.1 4.0 3.8 4.8 6.0 4.1 6.1
Apulia 7.0 8.1 7.5 3.3 3.6 4.7 6.0 5.1 5.7
Calabria 9.3 8.7 10.0 4.3 3.0 3.4 5.8 5.1 6.0
Sicily - 4.3 (1996) 7.0 2.2 2.4 (2001) 3.2 3.6 - (2006)[10] 3.2
ITALY 6.1 - 8.6 4.3 - 5.0 6.1 - 5.8
Leadership
Secretary: Sergio Garavini (1991–1994), Fausto Bertinotti (1994–2006), Franco Giordano (2006–2008), Paolo Ferrero (2008–...)
Coordinator: Walter De Cesaris (2005–2008)
President: Armando Cossutta (1991–1998)
Party Leader in the Chamber of Deputies: Lucio Magri (1992–1994), Famiano Crucianelli (1994–1995), Oliviero Diliberto (1995–1998), Franco Giordano (1998–2006), Gennaro Migliore (2006–2008)
Party Leader in the Senate: Lucio Libertini (1992–1993), Ersilia Salvato (1993–1995), Fausto Marchetti (1995–1996), Luigi Marino (1996–1998), Giovanni Russo Spena (1998–2001), Giorgio Malentacchi (2001–2002), Luigi Malabarba (2002–2006), Giovanni Russo Spena (2006–2008)
Party Leader in the European Parliament: Luigi Vinci (1994–2004), Roberto Musacchio (2004–...)
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Party of Italian Communists
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with the much larger, disbanded Italian Communist Party.
Secretary Oliviero Diliberto
President Antonino Cuffaro
Founded 11 October 1998
Headquarters Piazza Augusto Imperatore, 32
00186 Rome
Newspaper La Rinascita della sinistra
Membership (2006) 40,000[1]
Ideology Communism
Coalition None
International None
European party None
European Parliament Group European United Left–Nordic Green Left
Website
http://www.comunisti-italiani.itThe Party of Italian Communists (Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, PdCI) is a communist political party in Italy. Its long-time leader is Oliviero Diliberto.
History
Foundation and early years
The PdCI was founded in 1998 as a split from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC) by Armando Cossutta, the original leader of the PRC. The main reason for the split was the unwillingness of the majority the Communist Refoundation Party to participate in the operation that toppled Prodi I Cabinet. Fausto Bertinotti had kept the party in alliance with The Olive Tree coalition for two years, but was leaving because of disagreement over social policy. Leaving would have left the government without a majority in the lower house of the parliament. The issue was hotly debated in the party, and in the end a few votes, coming from the Trotskyist factions, finally decided. Soon after the party joined D'Alema I Cabinet with Oliviero Diliberto as Minister of Justice.
Most PRC MPs followed Cossutta into the new party, but the PRC secured more voters: in the 1999 European Parliament election the PdCI won 2.0% of the vote, while the PRC had the 4.3%.
Oliviero Diliberto
Diliberto, who had been elected party secretary in 2000, led the party to continue its alliance with the other parties of the centre-left for the 2001 general election, in which The Olive Tree lost to Silvio Berlusconi's House of Freedoms. The PdCI won 1.7% of the vote and a hanful of deputies and senators.
In the 2006 general election, the party was a member of the winning coalition The Union and won 16 out of 630 deputies. The Together with the Union alliance consisting of PdCI, Greens and United Consumers won 11 out of 315 senators. Since 2001 Diliberto had become the undisputed leader of the party and since 2005 clashes between him and Cossutta became frequent. In April 2007 the party president and founder finally left the party.
Out of Parliament
In 2006 the PdCI proposed to the PRC, the Federation of the Greens and other leftist forces (among them the brand new Democratic Left) to form a "United Left", "a left without adjectives". On 8–9 December 2007 the PdCI participated in the foundation of The Left – The Rainbow. In the 2008 general election the list gained 3.1% of the vote, thus failing to win any seats in the Italian Parliament.
On 20 July 2008 Diliberto was re-elected secretary in a national congress. In that occasion, after having declared the experience of a "united left" finished, he proposed to PRC the re-unification of the two parties and a "communist constituent assembly".[2] In the run-up to the 2009 European Parliament election PdCI is looking forward to a "communist joint list" with the PRC, Critical Left and the Workers' Communist Party, but PRC leaders are not so convinced about it, even if they did not rule out the possibility, especially if a 5% threshold will be introduced.[3][4][5]
Anticapitalist List's logo
For the 2009 European Parliament election the PdCI formed a joint list known as Anticapitalist List with the PRC, Socialism 2000 and United Consumers Originally also Critical Left was to join, but finally chose to step aside.[6]
Leadership
Secretary: Armando Cossutta (1998–2000), Oliviero Diliberto (2000–...)
Coordinator: Marco Rizzo (2004–...)
President: Armando Cossutta (2000–2006), Antonino Cuffaro (2007–...)
Party Leader in the Chamber of Deputies: Oliviero Diliberto (1998), Tullio Grimaldi (1998–2001), Marco Rizzo (2001–2004), Pino Sgobio (2004–2008)
Party Leader in the Senate: Luigi Marino (1998–2006), Manuela Palermi (leader of the PdCI-Green's group, 2006–2008)
Party Leader in the European Parliament: Lucio Manisco (1998–2004), Marco Rizzo (2004–...)
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Italian Marxist-Leninist Party
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Italian Marxist-Leninist Party
Partito Marxista-Leninista Italiano
Leader Giovanni Scuderi
Coalition none
Political ideology Marxism-Leninism, Maoism
Official newspaper Il Bolscevico
Website
http://www.pmli.it/See also Politics of Italy
Political parties in Italy
Elections in Italy
The Italian Marxist-Leninist Party (Partito Marxista-Leninista Italiano) is a minor marxist political party in Italy. It was founded in Florence in 1977. The leading core of PMLI began their political activity as they joined the Communist Party of Italy (Marxist-Leninist) (PCd'I(ml)) in 1967. The group broke away from PCd'I(ml) in 1969, and formed the Italian Bolshevik Communist Organization Marxist-Leninist (Organizzazione Comunista Bolscevica Italiana marxista-leninista). In 1977 OCBIml was transformed into PMLI.
The PMLI is opposed to the bourgeois democracy and during the political elections it carries out an abstentionistic propaganda.
The PMLI is a Communist party, loyal to the teachings of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong, named the five teachers. This movement strives for a proletarian revolution and the establishment of a united, red and socialist Italy. The IMLP believes that Maoism is the highest stage of the workers' movement.
Soviet leader Stalin is held in high regard within the PMLI due to his construction of the first Socialist country, the Soviet Union, and to his encouragement of the creation of the other Socialist countries of Eastern Europe. Consequently, the PMLI refuses Trotskyism, believing it to be an extremist and anti-Communist diversion from Marxism-Leninism.
The PMLI views the 1936 Soviet Constitution as example of the existence of the Socialism in the USSR.
The PMLI has an official newspaper, Il Bolscevico ('The Bolshevik'). The current General Secretary of PMLI is Giovanni Scuderi. The headquarters of the PMLI are located in Florence.
The party is not represented in the Italian Parliament, the European Parliament, nor in any regional or provincial assemblies.
History
Birth and first battles of Il Bolscevico
The first founders of PMLI, that the Party reminds as the four pioneers, began their Marxist-Leninist militancy in 1967, when they joined the Communist Party of Italy (Marxist-Leninist). They were Giovanni Scuderi, Mino Pasca, Nerina "Lucia" Paoletti and Patrizia Pierattini. Afterwards, in 1969, one of the densest years of the Cultural Revolution in China, those four pioneers and other followers denounced CPI(ML) as revisionist party, judged the left cover of PCI.
In 14 December 1969, then, the four pioneers and the Provincial Committee of Florence left CPI (ML) and, along with other Marxist-Leninist organizations, established the Italian Bolshevik Communist Organization Marxist-Leninist, and published, the next day, the first number of the official newspaper Il Bolscevico. In this number, dense of quotes of Marx, Lenin, Stalin and Mao Zedong, the Organization wrote:
Chairman Mao has often said that "without destruction there is not construction. The destruction is the criticism, the revolution. The destruction comes first, it of course brings the construction". By the destruction of CPI (ML) of Florence is arised, on completely Marxist-Leninist foundations, the Italian Bolshevik Communist Organization Marxist-Leninist. It suggests to build the revolutionary party that assumes Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought as theory foundation that leads its thought.
The work of OCBI M-L so was mainly the one to accumulate the forces to create a revolutionary party. In 1970 the Organization was officially recognized by the Communist Party of China and the Rome Embassy invited the leaders of the Organization to the official holidays of the People's Republic of China, while the Organization sent some messages to CPC, regarding its 10th National Congress and condolences when Zhou Enlai and Zhu De died. OCBI M-L had a wreath near the corpse of Mao in 18 September 1976, when the funerals finished.
To achieve this historical goal, OCBI M-L immediately launched itself in the student and workers revolts of then, carrying out an abstensionistic propaganda and denouncing those who they believ false Communists, as PCI. Those were difficult years for the Organization, mainly for the lack of funds. Giovanni Scuderi, talking about the history of the Party, said:
When we began the struggle for the Party we've not a pen, nor a chair, nor a brush, nor headquarters. Subsequently we rented a foul building of Florence of four rooms inhabitated by mouses, cockroaches and spiders, that we restored during the summer holidays of 1968. We removed the bread by our mouths to give a newspaper and a minimum of equipment to the Party and when we could we gave a contribution to the brother parties in worse situation of ours.
Finally, after having gathered dozen of militants of Tuscany, Lombardy, Sicily and Calabria, the Organization established the Italian Marxist-Leninist Party.
The PMLI is born
From 9 April to 11 April 1977, was held in Florence the Founding Congress of the PMLI. During this Congress, were adopted the Constitution and the Program, the symbol (black hammer and sickle and Mao's head) and the Party anthems. Giovanni Scuderi was unanimously acclaimed General Secretary.
For the PMLI, this date ideally represents the beginning of a "new phase" for the Italian working class. The Italian Marxist-Leninists argue that the first phase (1882-1921) was dominated by reformism of the Italian Socialist Party; the second phase was dominated by revisionism of the Italian Communist Party and today is pursued by its heirs, the Party of Communist Refoundation and the Party of Italian Communists.
Politican and organizational Long March
Since its establishment, the PMLI began a complex political work. It wanted to gain more and more workers and students and to pursue its abstaining electoral campaign. Through this work, new Party centres were created and the PMLI is today present in almost every region of Italy. Particularly, it is rooted in the South.
The PMLI had five Congresses in 1977, 1982, 1985, 1998 and 2008.
Many Cells were created, among them the "J. Stalin" (Forl), "Red Vesuvio" (Naples), "Mao Zedong" (Milan) and "Mao" (Enna) have headquarters. The central Party headquarters are in Florence.
Ideology
The PMLI "has as theoretical basis Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought which presides its ideological, political, organizational and practical work"[3].
Foreign contacts
The PMLI had close contacts with the Chinese Communist Party until 1981, when it denounced the restoration of capitalism under Deng Xiaoping and broke the relationship. It tried to have relations with the Party of Labour of Albania, but attacked it after Enver Hoxha rejected Maoism.
After 1975, the PMLI had a close relationship with the Communist Party of Kampuchea, even after the invasion of Cambodia by Vietnam. A PMLI leader visited a CPK-controlled zone of Cambodia in 1987. After Pol Pot's assassination in 1998, the PMLI denounced the Khmer Rouges' betrayal.
The PMLI supported the Iranian Revolution as anti-imperialist revolution and a Party leader visited Iran in 1992.
In 1993, the PMLI took part at an International Seminary on Mao Zedong Thought organized by the Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany.
Actually, the PMLI has close links with the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Greece, the Marxist-Leninist Centre in Mexico and the Marxist-Leninist Party of Ukraine. It has also relations with the Communist Party of the Philippines, the Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina, the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist, the Revolutionary Communist Party of Uruguay and the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation.
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Итальянская коммунистическая партия
Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии
Итальянская коммунистическая партия, или ИКП (итал. Partito Comunista Italiano, сокращенно PCI) — партия в Италии, существовавшая с 1921 по 1991. Наиболее успешная в ХХ веке коммунистическая партия в развитом капиталистическом обществе (численность в 1946—1956 превышала 2 млн человек, на выборах 1976 — 34,4% голосов). Орган — газета «Унита» (итал. L’Unita).
История
ИКП образовалась в результате откола от Итальянской социалистической партии (ИСП) на конгрессе в Ливорно 21 января 1921 года, и называлась Коммунистическая партия Италии. Во главе откола стояли Амадео Бордига, избранный генеральным секретарем, и Антонио Грамши. ИКП принимает участие в парламентских выборах 1921 года, на которых получает 4,6% голосов избирателей и 15 депутатских мест.
В первые годы существования партии между сторонниками Бордиги и Грамши идет борьба, в результате которой Бордига был отстранен от руководства. В 1926 году третий съезд партии осудил взгляды Бордиги, а в 1930 году он и его сторонники были исключены из ИКП.
После запрета ИКП фашистским правительством в 1926 году, партии вынуждена уйти в подполье. Часть членов ИКП продолжала действовать внутри Италии нелегально, а часть работала в эмиграции. После ареста Грамши в конце 1926 года руководство партии сосредотачивается в руках Пальмиро Тольятти.
В 1944 году партия вышла из подполья, и в течение 1947—1948 годов принимала участие в формировании правительства. В 1948 году на парламентских выборах ИКП объединилась с ИСП в Народно-демократический фронт. В течение следующих лет партия получила значительный электоральный успех, оказывая в разные периоды поддержку левоцентристским правительствам, хотя в состав правительств никогда не входила.
Партия имела наибольшее влияние в Центральной Италии, особенно в Эмилие-Романье и Умбрии, где регулярно побеждала на муниципальных выборах. Также пользовалась поддержкой в индустриальных городах Северной Италии.
После подавления Венгерского восстания 1956 года в ИКП произошел раскол. Лидеры партии, включая Пальмиро Тольятти и Джорджо Наполитано, считали Венгерское восстание контрреволюционным, о чем сообщила газета «Унита», центральный орган партии. В то же время, Джузеппе де Витторио, член ИКП и руководитель Всеобщей конфедерации труда Италии, оценил советское вторжение «как вмешательство в дела независимого государства и независимой компартии». Подобную же позицию занял член ИКП Антонио Джолитти, а также национальный секретарь ИСП Пьетро Ненни, сторонник сотрудничества с ИКП. В итоге Джолитти и Ненни пошли на раскол с ИКП.
Наполитано позднее высказывал сомнения в правильности его тогдашней позиции. В своей книге «От коммунистической партии к европейскому социализму. Политическая автобиография» (англ. From the Communist Party to European Socialism. A political autobiography, итал. Dal Pci al socialismo europeo. Un’autobiografia politica) он сожалел о том, что оправдывал тогда советскую интервенцию, объясняя это желанием сохранения партийного единства. Позднее он стал лидером фракции мелиористов — правого крыла в ИКП, сторонников умеренного социал-демократического курса.
В 1969 году Берлингуэр, будущий генеральный секретарь ИКП, участвовал в Международной конференции коммунистических и рабочих партий в Москве, на которой делегация ИКП не согласилась с официальной политической линией и не поддержала итоговую резолюцию. Берлингуэр выступил против травли китайских коммунистов, а также прямо заявил Леониду Брежневу, что вторжение в Чехословакию войск Варшавского договора (которое он назвал «трагедией в Праге») отражает важные различия внутри коммунистического движения по фундаментальным вопросам, таким, как национальная независимость, социалистическая демократия и свобода развития культуры. В это время ИКП была крупнейшей коммунистической партией капиталистических стран. На парламентских выборах 1976 года партия получила 34,4% голосов избирателей.
В 1970-е годы пути ИКП и Советского Союза еще более расходятся. Партия отходит от линии КПСС в сторону еврокоммунизма, а также стремится к сотрудничеству с Христианско-демократической партией в рамках концепции «исторического компромисса». Однако похищение и последовавшее за ним убийство лидера ХДП Альдо Моро Красными бригадами в мае 1978 года положило конец надеждам на такой копромисс.
В течение «свинцовых лет» (итал. anni di piombo) ИКП выступает жестким противником терроризма и Красных бригад.
Советское вторжение в Афганистан в 1979 году привело к полному разрыву ИКП с Москвой. Партия отказалась участвовать в Конференции коммунистических и рабочих партий в Париже в 1980 году.
В 1991 ИКП преобразуется в Партию демократических левых сил (ПДЛС), которая вступает в Социалистический интернационал. Более радикальное крыло партии во главе с Армандо Коссута создает Партию коммунистического возрождения (ПКВ). Позднее первая преобразовалась в партию «Левые демократы» (ЛД) и отказалась от символики ИКП, от ПКВ откололась Партия коммунистов Италии (ПКИ) и приняла логотип, очень похожий на логотип ИКП.
Руководители ИКП
Национальные секретари ИКП
1921—1924 Амадео Бордига
1924—1926 Антонио Грамши
1926—1934 Пальмиро Тольятти
1934—1938 Руджеро Греко
1938—1964 Пальмиро Тольятти
1964—1972 Луиджи Лонго
1972—1984 Энрико Берлингуэр
1984—1988 Алессандро Натта
1988—1991 Акилле Окетто
Президенты ИКП
1972—1980 Луиджи Лонго
1989—1990 Алессандро Натта
1990—1991 Альдо Торторелья
