Party of the Independence Congress of Madagascar (in French: Parti du Congrs de l'indpendence de Madagascar, in Malagasy: Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara), is a communist political party in Madagascar. AKFM was founded on November 8, 1958. One of the organizations that took part in the formation was the UPM of Francis Sautron. The founding president was Richard Andriamanjato, a Merina Protestant priest who had developed links to the French Communist Party. Throughout its history AKFM has been dominated by Merinas. AKFM favoured immediate independence. Initially the party was mainly based in Antananarivo and Antsiranana.
The general secretary of AKFM 1960-1990 was Giselle Rabesahala.
On October 11, 1959 AKFM won the municipal elections in Antananarivo. AKFM got 25 out of 37 seats. On the same day the list of AKFM and FISEMA won the municipal elections in Diego, were Sautron had been the mayor. AKFM-FISEMA got 19 out of 27 seats, and Sautron was reelected mayor. After 1976 AKFM was part of the ruling FNRD.
In March 1989 Andriamanjato broke away and formed the pro-Albert Zafy Party of the Independence Congress of Madagascar-Renewal.
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Malagasy Communist Party (French: Parti Communiste Malgache) was a communist party in Madagascar. PCM was formed in 1958 and its First Secretary was Ren Anselme Randrianja. It held its first party congress in Antanarivo March 18-March 20, 1960.
It appears that the PCM had been founded without being endorsed by neither the French Communist Party nor the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Randrianja travelled to Moscow in 1960 to seek recognition, but was not invited to participate in the internation conference of communist parties held there. Afterwards he travelled to China, where he was received by the Chinese communists. During the Sino-Soviet split, PCM sided with China. It was however rapidly eclipsed by the pro-Soviet AKFM.[1]
The PCM published a forthnighly organ, Ady Farany in Malagasy language. R. Ratsimazda was the editor of the publication. Between 1958 and April 1, 1966, 235 issues where published.[2][3]
